Agam Deep 14 Jivajivabhigama Gujarati Anuvaad - Book Summary

Here's a comprehensive summary of the provided Jain text, "Agam Deep 14 Jivajivabhigama Gujarati Anuvaad," based on the text itself. Please note that this summary is derived directly from the provided pages and focuses on conveying the information as presented.

Book Title: Agam Deep 14 Jivajivabhigama Gujarati Anuvaad Author(s): Dipratnasagar, Deepratnasagar Publisher: Agam Shrut Prakashan

Overall Purpose: This text is Volume 14 of the "Agam Deep" series, providing a Gujarati translation ("Anuvaad" and "Gurjar Chhaya") of the Jain text "Jivajivabhigama." The primary goal is to elucidate the concepts presented in the Jivajivabhigama, likely for educational purposes. The series is dedicated to explaining Jain Agamas with a Gujarati commentary.

Key Aspects and Structure:

The book is structured around the Jivajivabhigama text, which is divided into ten "pratipattti" (sections or principles). The summary below focuses on the content of the text, particularly the initial "pratipattti" which details the classification and characteristics of living beings (Jivas) and non-living beings (Ajivas).

Summary of Core Concepts (from the provided pages):

The text meticulously breaks down the classification of Jivas (living beings) and Ajivas (non-living beings) according to Jain philosophy, as presented in the Jivajivabhigama.

1. Ajiva (Non-living Beings):

Two Main Categories:
- Ajivaabhigama (Non-living Beings): This is further divided into:
  - Arupi Ajivaabhigama (Formless Non-living Beings): These are enumerated as ten types:
    1. Dharmastikaya (Substance of Motion)
    2. Dharmastikaya Desh (Part of Dharmastikaya)
    3. Dharmastikaya Pradesh (Atom of Dharmastikaya)
    4. Adharmastikaya (Substance of Rest)
    5. Adharmastikaya Desh (Part of Adharmastikaya)
    6. Adharmastikaya Pradesh (Atom of Adharmastikaya)
    7. Akashastikaya (Substance of Space)
    8. Akashastikaya Desh (Part of Akashastikaya)
    9. Akashastikaya Pradesh (Atom of Akashastikaya)
    10. Addhasamaya (Time) - Note: While time is a substance, its classification within Ajivaabhigama might be specific to this text's interpretation.
  - Rupi Ajivaabhigama (Formed Non-living Beings): These are described as having form and are divided into four main types:
    - Skandha (Aggregates of Matter)
    - Skandha Desh (Part of Aggregates)
    - Skandha Pradesh (Atom of Aggregates)
    - Paramanu (Indivisible Atom)
    - Five Concise Types: These are further categorized by their properties:
      - Varna Parinita (Colored)
      - Gandha Parinita (Having Scent)
      - Rasa Parinita (Having Taste)
      - Sparsha Parinita (Having Touch)
      - Samsthana Parinita (Having Form)
    - Subdivisions based on Properties:
      - Color: Five types (Black, Blue, Red, White, Green).
      - Taste: Five types (Sweet, Sour, Bitter, Pungent, Astringent).
      - Scent: Two types (Fragrant, Foul-smelling).
      - Touch: Eight types (Rough, Smooth, Heavy, Light, Cold, Hot, Slimy, Dry).

2. Jiva (Living Beings):

Two Main Categories:
- Samsara Samapaka Jivaabhigama (Souls in the Cycle of Birth and Death): These are further detailed in the subsequent sections.
- Asamsara Samapanna Jivaabhigama (Souls that have Attained Liberation):
  - Anantar Siddha Asamsara Samapannaka Jivaabhigama (Immediately Liberated Souls): Described as fifteen types, from Tirtha Siddha to Ananta Siddha.
  - Parampara Siddha Asamsara Samapanna Jivaabhigama (Gradually Liberated Souls): Described as existing in infinite moments of liberation.
Classification based on the number of senses and nature of existence:
- Samsara Samapatraka Jivaabhigama (Souls in the Cycle of Birth and Death):
  - Two Classifications of Samsari Jivas:
    - Trasa (Mobile): These are further detailed in the subsequent sections.
    - Sthavara (Immobile): These are divided into three types:
      1. Prithvikayika (Earth-bodied):
        
        Two sub-types: Sukshma (Subtle) and Badara (Gross).
        
        Sukshma Prithvikayika have further classifications: Paryapta (Developed) and Aparyapta (Undeveloped).
        
        Detailed discussion of Sukshma Prithvikayika attributes: body, age, senses, karma, consciousness, mind, etc. (23 doors of exposition).
        
        Badara Prithvikayika: Further divided into Sleshma (Sticky) and Khar (Rough/Dry). Descriptions of their characteristics, similar to Sukshma.
      2. Akayika (Water-bodied): Similar classification into Sukshma and Badara, and then Paryapta/Aparyapta. Specific descriptions of their form (like water bubbles).
      3. Vanaspatikayika (Vegetable-bodied):
        
        Two types: Sukshma (Subtle) and Badara (Gross).
        
        Badara Vanaspatikayika are further divided into:
        
        Pratyeka Sharira (Individual Body): Twelve types (e.g., Ruksha-guchchha, Gulma, Lata, Valli, Panaka, Truna, Valayahara, Harita, Aushadhi, Jala-raha, Kuhana).
        
        Sadharana Sharira (Common Body): Many types, with detailed descriptions of fruits, roots, stems, leaves, etc.
        
        Detailed descriptions of specific plant types like Neem, Mango, Jambhu, etc., and their qualities.
  - Classification of Trasa (Mobile) beings:
    - Tejas Kayika (Fire-bodied): Two types: Sukshma and Badara. Descriptions follow similar patterns as above, with specific details on their form (like sparks) and origin.
    - Vayu Kayika (Air-bodied): Two types: Sukshma and Badara. Sukshma Vayukayika have a flag-like form. Badara Vayukayika include various winds.
    - Audarika Sharira Trasa Prani (Beings with Gross Bodies):
      - Two-sensed beings: Detailed descriptions of their characteristics, including origin, form, lifespan, senses, karma, consciousness, etc.
      - Three-sensed beings: Similar detailed descriptions.
      - Four-sensed beings: Similar detailed descriptions.
      - Five-sensed beings (Panchindriya):
        
        Nairayika (Hell-beings): Seven types of hells (Ratnaprabha to Tamastama), their dimensions, characteristics, suffering, and transmigration are described in extensive detail.
        
        Tiryan-yonika (Animal-realm beings): Classified by habitat (Aquatic, Terrestrial, Aerial) and further by number of senses (one-sensed to five-sensed). Detailed descriptions of various species within these categories.
        
        Manushya (Human-beings): Classified into Karma-bhumi, Akarma-bhumi, and Antardvipa. Detailed descriptions of their physical characteristics, lifespan, birth, death, and social structures.
        
        Deva (Celestial beings): Classified into Bhavanvasi, Vyantar, Jyotishka, and Vaimanika. Detailed descriptions of their abodes, lifespans, council structures, and their respective regions.

3. Key Themes and Detailed Discussions:

Detailed Classification: The text is characterized by its exhaustive and systematic classification of living beings based on the number of senses, the type of body (Skandha, Skandha Desh, etc.), their origin (Sammurchima, Garbhaja), their habitat (different Jambudvipa regions, hells, heavens), their karma, consciousness, lifespan, and various physical and existential attributes.
Interconnectedness of Jain Cosmology: The text implicitly reveals the interconnectedness of the Jain universe, where beings from one realm transmigrate to another, and the characteristics of their existence are intricately linked to their karma and the realms they inhabit.
Slight Variations in Categorization: The text notes that some Acharyas classify souls into two, three, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or ten categories, indicating a rich tradition of philosophical discourse and varying interpretations within Jainism.
Focus on Microscopic and Gross Forms: The distinction between subtle (Sukshma) and gross (Badara) forms of beings is consistently maintained across categories like Prithvikayika, Akayika, and Vanaspatikayika, highlighting the Jain emphasis on the existence of life in even the smallest and most subtle forms.
Detailed Descriptions: The book provides extremely detailed descriptions of the physical attributes, lifespans, origins, and behaviors of various beings, particularly for hell-beings, animals, humans, and celestial beings. This includes aspects like:
- Body Parts: Detailed descriptions of limbs, organs, and their qualities.
- Lifespan: Specific durations in Antarmuhurta, years, and Sagaropamas.
- Consciousness and Cognition: Discussion of senses, knowledge (Jnana), and ignorance (Ajna).
- Karma and Passions: Mention of Kashayas (anger, pride, delusion, greed) and their role.
- Leshya (Coloration of the Soul): Classification into Krishna, Kuth, Nil, Kapota, Tejas, Padma, Shukla, etc.
- Samudghata (Emanation/Expansion): Types of emanating bodies like Vedana, Kashaya, Marananthika, and Vaikriya Samudghata.
- Reproduction: Distinction between Sammurchima (spontaneous generation) and Garbhaja (birth from womb).
- Ayu (Lifespan) and its relation to Karma: The text implies that karma influences lifespan.
- Ahar (Food) and its properties: Detailed descriptions of the types of food consumed by different beings.
- Lokantaras and Space: Discussion of the physical layout of the cosmos, including the Jambu-dvipa and its surrounding elements.
Emphasis on Cause and Effect: While not explicitly stated as a summary point within the text itself, the detailed descriptions imply a cause-and-effect relationship between karma and the resulting conditions of existence.
Spiritual and Ritualistic Elements: The text, being an Agama translation, likely serves as a foundational text for understanding Jain principles and practices. The mention of various prayers and rituals in the introductory pages further suggests this.

3. Contributions and Publishers:

The publication acknowledges several "Dravya Sahayak" (financial supporters), indicating a community effort in making this knowledge accessible. Notable supporters include Shri Khanpur Jain Shvetamber Murti Sangh and Shri Gaganvihar Shvetamber Jain Deva Trust.
The book also lists contact points for obtaining the publication, indicating its availability for personal use.
The text highlights the involvement of Munishri Dippratnasagar, who has provided the Gujarati translation and commentary.

In essence, the Jivajivabhigama, as presented in this Gujarati Anuvaad, is a foundational Jain text that offers a highly detailed and systematic classification of all forms of existence, both living and non-living, within the Jain cosmological framework. It delves into the minute details of their characteristics, states of existence, lifespans, and the underlying principles governing their being.